[ixpmanager] Fwd: Malformed AS_PATH BGP Error Message from CDN Peer

Brian Longwe brian at lionex.org
Fri Jul 24 16:49:01 IST 2026


Hi,

I've been in touch with the CDN and they seem adamant about not changing
anything on their side, still getting "Malformed AS_PATH" - is there
nothing we can do about this?
[image: image.png]

--
Brian Munyao Longwe
IXP Coordinator | Cell: +265999708883
[image: https://lionex.org] <https://lionex.org>


On Wed, Jul 22, 2026 at 5:34 PM Brian Longwe <brian at lionex.org> wrote:

> Thanks Nick,
>
> I have sent a request to the engineering team "on the other side".
>
> Thanks also Frank - for the validation.
>
> Best regards,
>
> Brian
>
> --
> Brian Munyao Longwe
> IXP Coordinator | Cell: +265999708883
> [image: https://lionex.org] <https://lionex.org>
>
>
> On Wed, Jul 22, 2026 at 5:18 PM Nick Hilliard <nick at foobar.org> wrote:
>
>> Brian Longwe via ixpmanager wrote on 22/07/2026 16:07:
>>
>> Strange problem here. We have just turned up a new CDN at our IXP -
>> EdgeNext. Our Route Server is refusing to peer with them, citing the error
>> "Malformed AS_PATH". Tcpdump shows them having a "my AS" of 123456 - which
>> it seems Bird is misunderstanding.
>>
>>
>> Hi Brian,
>>
>> "AS23456" is the pseudo ASN used for negotiating a BGP session with a
>> 32-bit AS number, so this would be expected in a tcpdump packet capture for
>> AS139057.
>>
>> You received a "Malformed AS_PATH" error from the remote side. This is
>> usually seen on Cisco and similar style BGP stacks which expect the AS Path
>> to include the peer AS as the first ASN in the AS path. This doesn't happen
>> at a route server, so all Cisco style customers of yours need to include
>> "no bgp enforce-first-as" in the "router bgp" stanza of their
>> configuration. Once this is configured, the BGP session should work fine.
>>
>> Nick
>>
>>
>> Any idea how we can fix this? Is there a skin/neighbor profile that we
>> can configure for them?
>>
>> Here is output from birdc show protocol:
>>
>> root at rs1:/home/devops# /usr/sbin/birdc -s
>> /var/run/bird/bird-rs1-lan1-ipv4.ctl
>> BIRD 2.19.1 ready.
>> bird> show protocols all pb_0025_as139057
>> Name       Proto      Table      State  Since         Info
>> pb_0025_as139057 BGP        ---        start  2026-07-22 14:45:32  Idle
>>        Received: Malformed AS_PATH
>>   Description:    AS139057 - CDN EdgeNext
>>   BGP state:          Idle
>>     Neighbor address: 196.x.y.z
>>     Neighbor AS:      139057
>>     Local AS:         37800
>>     Error wait:       35.054/60
>>     Last error:       Received: Malformed AS_PATH
>>   Channel ipv4
>>     State:          DOWN
>>     Table:          t_0025_as139057
>>     Preference:     100
>>     Input filter:   f_import_as139057
>>     Output filter:  f_export_as139057
>>     Import limit:   1000
>>       Action:       restart
>>
>> And here is output from tcpdump packet capture:
>> 11:38:15.176666 ens18 In  IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 36934, offset 0, flags
>> [none], proto TCP (6), length 123)
>>     196.60.122.44.49581 > rs1-lan1-ipv4.bgp: Flags [P.], cksum 0x56b2
>> (correct), seq 1:72, ack 1, win 5840, options [nop,nop,TS val 41713288 ecr
>> 3839994927], length 71: BGP
>> Open Message (1), length: 71
>>  Version 4, my AS 23456, Holdtime 180s, ID 172.16.0.1
>>  Optional parameters, length: 42
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 6
>>      Multiprotocol Extensions (1), length: 4
>> AFI IPv4 (1), SAFI Unicast (1)
>> 0x0000:  0001 0001
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 2
>>      Route Refresh (Cisco) (128), length: 0
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 2
>>      Route Refresh (2), length: 0
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 16
>>      Graceful Restart (64), length: 14
>> Restart Flags: [none], Restart Time 120s
>>  AFI IPv4 (1), SAFI Unicast (1), Forwarding state preserved: yes
>>  AFI IPv6 (2), SAFI Unicast (1), Forwarding state preserved: yes
>>  AFI VPLS (25), SAFI EVPN (70), Forwarding state preserved: yes
>> 0x0000:  0078 0001 0180 0002 0180 0019 4680
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 6
>>      32-Bit AS Number (65), length: 4
>> 4 Byte AS 139057
>> 0x0000:  0002 1f31
>> 0x0000:  45c0 007b 9046 0000 0106 abce c43c 7a2c  E..{.F.......<z,
>> 0x0010:  c43c 7a03 c1ad 00b3 da49 51e5 b19f 25d5  .<z......IQ...%.
>> 0x0020:  8018 16d0 56b2 0000 0101 080a 027c 7e88  ....V........|~.
>> 0x0030:  e4e1 ac2f ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff  .../............
>> 0x0040:  ffff ffff 0047 0104 5ba0 00b4 ac10 0001  .....G..[.......
>> 0x0050:  2a02 0601 0400 0100 0102 0280 0002 0202  *...............
>> 0x0060:  0002 1040 0e00 7800 0101 8000 0201 8000  ... at ..x.........
>> 0x0070:  1946 8002 0641 0400 021f 31              .F...A....1
>> 11:38:15.176686 ens18 Out IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags
>> [DF], proto TCP (6), length 40)
>>     rs1-lan1-ipv4.bgp > 196.60.122.44.49581: Flags [R], cksum 0x9962
>> (correct), seq 2979997141, win 0, length 0
>> 0x0000:  45c0 0028 0000 4000 4006 bd67 c43c 7a03  E..(.. at .@..g.<z.
>> 0x0010:  c43c 7a2c 00b3 c1ad b19f 25d5 0000 0000  .<z,......%.....
>> 0x0020:  5004 0000 9962 0000                      P....b..
>> 11:38:26.177549 ens18 In  IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 37226, offset 0, flags
>> [none], proto TCP (6), length 60)
>>     196.60.122.44.43812 > rs1-lan1-ipv4.bgp: Flags [S], cksum 0x6704
>> (correct), seq 2085855246, win 5840, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val
>> 41714388 ecr 0,nop,wscale 0], length 0
>> 0x0000:  45c0 003c 916a 0000 0106 aae9 c43c 7a2c  E..<.j.......<z,
>> 0x0010:  c43c 7a03 ab24 00b3 7c53 a00e 0000 0000  .<z..$..|S......
>> 0x0020:  a002 16d0 6704 0000 0204 05b4 0402 080a  ....g...........
>> 0x0030:  027c 82d4 0000 0000 0103 0300            .|..........
>> 11:38:26.177593 ens18 Out IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 255, id 0, offset 0, flags
>> [DF], proto TCP (6), length 60)
>>     rs1-lan1-ipv4.bgp > 196.60.122.44.43812: Flags [S.], cksum 0x7cd7
>> (incorrect -> 0x8971), seq 316352219, ack 2085855247, win 65160, options
>> [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 3840005929 ecr 41714388,nop,wscale 7], length 0
>> 0x0000:  45c0 003c 0000 4000 ff06 fe52 c43c 7a03  E..<.. at ....R.<z.
>> 0x0010:  c43c 7a2c 00b3 ab24 12db 26db 7c53 a00f  .<z,...$..&.|S..
>> 0x0020:  a012 fe88 7cd7 0000 0204 05b4 0402 080a  ....|...........
>> 0x0030:  e4e1 d729 027c 82d4 0103 0307            ...).|......
>> 11:38:26.179093 ens18 In  IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 37227, offset 0, flags
>> [none], proto TCP (6), length 52)
>>     196.60.122.44.43812 > rs1-lan1-ipv4.bgp: Flags [.], cksum 0x9ff6
>> (correct), seq 1, ack 1, win 5840, options [nop,nop,TS val 41714388 ecr
>> 3840005929], length 0
>> 0x0000:  45c0 0034 916b 0000 0106 aaf0 c43c 7a2c  E..4.k.......<z,
>> 0x0010:  c43c 7a03 ab24 00b3 7c53 a00f 12db 26dc  .<z..$..|S....&.
>> 0x0020:  8010 16d0 9ff6 0000 0101 080a 027c 82d4  .............|..
>> 0x0030:  e4e1 d729                                ...)
>> 11:38:26.179093 ens18 In  IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 37228, offset 0, flags
>> [none], proto TCP (6), length 52)
>>     196.60.122.44.43812 > rs1-lan1-ipv4.bgp: Flags [.], cksum 0x9ff6
>> (correct), seq 1, ack 1, win 5840, options [nop,nop,TS val 41714388 ecr
>> 3840005929], length 0
>> 0x0000:  45c0 0034 916c 0000 0106 aaef c43c 7a2c  E..4.l.......<z,
>> 0x0010:  c43c 7a03 ab24 00b3 7c53 a00f 12db 26dc  .<z..$..|S....&.
>> 0x0020:  8010 16d0 9ff6 0000 0101 080a 027c 82d4  .............|..
>> 0x0030:  e4e1 d729                                ...)
>> 11:38:26.179093 ens18 In  IP (tos 0xc0, ttl 1, id 37229, offset 0, flags
>> [none], proto TCP (6), length 123)
>>     196.60.122.44.43812 > rs1-lan1-ipv4.bgp: Flags [P.], cksum 0xeb7e
>> (correct), seq 1:72, ack 1, win 5840, options [nop,nop,TS val 41714388 ecr
>> 3840005929], length 71: BGP
>> Open Message (1), length: 71
>>  Version 4, my AS 23456, Holdtime 180s, ID 172.16.0.1
>>  Optional parameters, length: 42
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 6
>>      Multiprotocol Extensions (1), length: 4
>> AFI IPv4 (1), SAFI Unicast (1)
>> 0x0000:  0001 0001
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 2
>>      Route Refresh (Cisco) (128), length: 0
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 2
>>      Route Refresh (2), length: 0
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 16
>>      Graceful Restart (64), length: 14
>> Restart Flags: [none], Restart Time 120s
>>  AFI IPv4 (1), SAFI Unicast (1), Forwarding state preserved: yes
>>  AFI IPv6 (2), SAFI Unicast (1), Forwarding state preserved: yes
>>  AFI VPLS (25), SAFI EVPN (70), Forwarding state preserved: yes
>> 0x0000:  0078 0001 0180 0002 0180 0019 4680
>>    Option Capabilities Advertisement (2), length: 6
>>      32-Bit AS Number (65), length: 4
>> 4 Byte AS 139057
>> 0x0000:  0002 1f31
>> 0x0000:  45c0 007b 916d 0000 0106 aaa7 c43c 7a2c  E..{.m.......<z,
>> 0x0010:  c43c 7a03 ab24 00b3 7c53 a00f 12db 26dc  .<z..$..|S....&.
>> 0x0020:  8018 16d0 eb7e 0000 0101 080a 027c 82d4  .....~.......|..
>> 0x0030:  e4e1 d729 ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff ffff  ...)............
>> 0x0040:  ffff ffff 0047 0104 5ba0 00b4 ac10 0001  .....G..[.......
>> 0x0050:  2a02 0601 0400 0100 0102 0280 0002 0202  *...............
>> 0x0060:  0002 1040 0e00 7800 0101 8000 0201 8000  ... at ..x.........
>> 0x0070:  1946 8002 0641 0400 021f 31              .F...A....1
>>
>>
>> --
>> Brian Munyao Longwe
>> IXP Coordinator | Cell: +265999708883
>> [image: https://lionex.org] <https://lionex.org>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
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>>
>>
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